in 1942, after hundreds of years of persecutionand abuse, the us government legally defined the “federal indian trustresponsibility.†it was a pivotal time in history when the us government, building upon previouscourt rulings, officially took moral responsibility for the plight of native americans.since then there have been many other acts intended to improve conditions for indigenouspopulations. the question is what has the us done and is it working? for the most part, native americans have accessto free medical care. there are also scholarships and loans specifically forthem and unique financial opportunities.
in the 1980’s, the supreme court ruled thatin states where some form of gambling is legal, be it something minimal like bingoor horse racing, tribes in those states can operate casino like halls and gaming activitieson their reservations. according to the national indian gaming commission, casinosnow gross about 28 billion dollars annually and have stimulated job creationand population growth. the us justice department is also now allowing some tribesto grow and sell marijuana. these policies are intended to help combatpoverty and other socio-economic problems. but as of yet there is little proofthat they’re working. in 2012, those who identified exclusivelyas native american or alaska native, had
a poverty rate of almost 30 percent.and nativeamerican and alaska natives are more at risk for substance abuse, gang-involvement,mental-health issues, child-victimization and suicide. before obamacare, many free clinicsfor native americans did not provide a full array of services, and 30 percent of nativeamericans remained uninsured. casinos also have a spotty record. accordingto the native american rights fund, “gaming on indian reservations has not appreciablylowered the high levels of poverty on indian lands nationwide.†some even arguethat casinos have created a false perception that native american communitiesare getting rich, which can be detrimental to fundraising efforts for much needed reliefservices and community development
projects. tribal leaders are also hesitant about thenew policies surrounding the growth and sale of marijuana. according to one representative,“indian tribes have been decimated by drug use. tribal regulations of pot aregoing to have to dovetail with tribal values, making sure marijuana isn’t a scourge likealcohol or tobacco.†native american communities are still amongthe poorest in the united states. this is largely the residual effect of hundreds ofyears of persecution at the hands of the government, including some mistreatment that is stillon-going. and many see it as a problem that cannot be
solved through more lenient gaming or narcoticlaws.
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